Samuel Rea: diferenças entre revisões
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|nome =Samuel Rea |
|nome =Samuel Rea |
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|imagem =Samuel Rea, Portrait (retouched).jpg |
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|legenda =Samuel Rea, [[ca.]] 1905 |
|legenda =Samuel Rea, [[ca.]] 1905 |
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|data_nascimento ={{dni|||1855| |
|data_nascimento ={{dni|lang=br|||1855|si}} |
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|local_nascimento =[[Hollidaysburg]] |
|local_nascimento =[[Hollidaysburg]] |
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|data_morte ={{morte|lang=br|2|11|1950|||1855}} |
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'''Samuel Rea''' ([[Hollidaysburg]], [[1855]] — [[1929]]) foi um [[Engenharia|engenheiro]] [[Estados Unidos|estadunidense]]. |
'''Samuel Rea''' ([[Hollidaysburg]], [[1855]] — [[1929]]) foi um [[Engenharia|engenheiro]] [[Estados Unidos|estadunidense]]. |
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[[Imagem:Samuel Rea Pennsta jeh.jpg|thumb|Pennsylvania Station, New York]] |
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==Early life and career== |
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Samuel Rea was born in 1855 in [[Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania]]. His parents were James D. Rea and Ruth Blair Moore. His paternal grandfather General John Rea was in the [[United States Congress]] from [[Bedford, Pennsylvania|Bedford]] and [[Franklin, Pennsylvania]], during the terms of [[Thomas Jefferson]] and [[James Madison]]. Through the marriage of his father's siblings he was related to the Asa Childs and the [[Henry Clay Frick]] families. Samuel's father died when Samuel was 13. |
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He began his vocational life as a clerk in a country store. In 1871, Rea began his connection with the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR) at 16. Except for an intermission from 1875 to 1879 (when he worked for the [[Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad]]), he served continuously on the PRR until his retirement from office as President in 1925. |
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Samuel Rea married Mary Black, the daughter of Jane Black. In 1880, Samuel and Mary lived with her widowed mother and family in [[Allegheny, Pennsylvania]]. Their children, born after 1880, include George Rea and Ruth Rea.<ref>"A Century and a Half of Pittsburg and Her People", by John Newton Boucher ; illustrated. Vol. 4. 1908. 1854-1933. page 223</ref> |
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By age 31, Rea was assistant engineer in the construction of chain suspension bridges over the [[Monongahela River]] at [[Pittsburgh]]. He began as a rodman ([[surveying|surveyor]]'s assistant) in 1871, at a time when the PRR had hardly outgrown its original (1846) charter, which provided that it should extend from [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania]] to Pittsburgh. Not only did he see the road pass through the greater part of the expansion which has made it a 12,000-mile system, but it was directly through his efforts that the Pennsylvania secured access to [[Manhattan]]. He planned a bridge across the Hudson from [[Jersey City]] to Manhattan. When other roads refused to cooperate, he went under instead of over the water and built the [[New York Tunnel Extension]]. Later he made an arrangement with the [[New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad]] and built the [[Hell Gate Bridge]], and still later got control of the [[Long Island Rail Road]] and connected it to the Penn with tunnels under the [[East River]]. |
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In 1886, Samuel Rea became a member of the [[New York Stock Exchange]]—being the first seat held in the city of Pittsburgh. He remained a member for 12 years. In 1888, he published a book called “The Railways Terminating in London: With a Description of the Terminating Stations”. |
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==President of the Pennsylvania Railroad== |
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Rea became President of the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1913. As head of the 12,000-mile PRR system employing 250,000 men, he became one of the three or four dominating powers in American transportation. Rea was considered largely responsible for many features of the [[Esch-Cummins Act]], whereby the railroads were returned to private control in 1920.<ref>''Time'' Magazine, Jan 4, 1924</ref> |
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Samuel Rea was a member of the exclusive [[South Fork Fishing and Hunting Club]], whose earthen dam failed in May 1889, causing the [[Johnstown Flood]]. After the Flood, Rea removed to [[Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania|Bryn Mawr]], PA, to an estate called "Waverly Heights" designed by architect [[Addison Hutton]]; it now serves as Waverly Heights, a lifecare community in Gladwyne. |
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Rea was reared in the [[Presbyterian]] faith and said he preferred reading Prof. Moffet’s translation of the Bible. Samuel Rea retired as President of the Pennsylvania Railroad system in 1925 at the age of 70, having served as President from 1913 to 1925. Rea died in March 1929. |
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==Pennsylvania Station== |
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[[File:Penn Station1.jpg|thumb|left|200px|[[Pennsylvania Station (New York)|Pennsylvania Station]], New York, NY (completed 1910, demolished 1963-64), Main Waiting Room.]] |
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Under PRR president [[Alexander Cassatt]] in 1903, the PRR began tunnelling under the [[Hudson River]] to bring its trains into [[New York City]] for the first time. The project was completed under PRR president [[James McCrea]], and [[Pennsylvania Station (New York)]] opened in 1910. It was built to accommodate as many as half a million daily passengers, and Samuel Rea, who became PRR president in 1913, found himself defending against charges that the station had been wastefully overbuilt. Time was to prove him right. By 1919 the station was accommodating almost thirty-five million a year, eclipsing [[Grand Central Terminal]] as the busiest [[New York]] station. Less than a decade later more than sixty million used it annually, enough to make it the most heavily used railroad station in all North America. By 1939 its yearly traffic had reached a then record level of almost sixty-six million passengers.<ref>American Heritage: “Penn Station Lives!” by William D. Middleton, Fall 1997</ref> |
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{{Referências}} |
{{Referências}} |
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==Ligações externas== |
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*[http://millinerd.com/2010/02/new-prometheus.html "Samuel Rea as the New Prometheus"] - millinerd.com (blog) |
*[http://millinerd.com/2010/02/new-prometheus.html "Samuel Rea as the New Prometheus"] - millinerd.com (blog) |
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|título=[[Medalha Franklin]] |
|título=[[Medalha Franklin]] |
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|anos=1926<br />{{nowrap|com [[Niels Bohr]]}} |
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|antes={{nowrap|[[Elihu Thomson]] e [[Pieter Zeeman]]}} |
|antes={{nowrap|[[Elihu Thomson]] e [[Pieter Zeeman]]}} |
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|depois={{nowrap|[[George Ellery Hale]] e [[Max Planck]]}} |
|depois={{nowrap|[[George Ellery Hale]] e [[Max Planck]]}} |
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Revisão das 22h24min de 6 de abril de 2015
 | Este artigo ou se(c)ção está a ser traduzido. |
| Samuel Rea | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Nascimento | 1855 Hollidaysburg |
| Morte | 2 de novembro de 1950 (95 anos) |
| Nacionalidade |  Estadunidense
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| Prêmios | Medalha Franklin (1926) |
| Campo(s) | Engenharia |
Samuel Rea (Hollidaysburg, 1855 — 1929) foi um engenheiro estadunidense.
Referências
Ligações externas
- "Samuel Rea as the New Prometheus" - millinerd.com (blog)
| Precedido por Elihu Thomson e Pieter Zeeman |
Medalha Franklin 1926 com Niels Bohr |
Sucedido por George Ellery Hale e Max Planck |
