Oito de Teerã

Oito de Teerã ^[1] foi uma união política dos mujahideen xiitas afegãos, principalmente do grupo étnico hazara, apoiada pelo Irã durante a guerra soviética no Afeganistão. O Oito de Teerã lutou contra o governo do Partido Democrático do Povo do Afeganistão e as tropas soviéticas que o sustentavam.^[2]^[3] Formava a segunda maior força mujahedeen, após o Sete de Peshawar (a aliança sunita apoiada pela Arábia Saudita).

As oito facções xiitas[editar | editar código-fonte]

As seguintes organizações afegãs compuseram o Oito de Teerã, todos com sede no Irã:

Hezbollah afegão - liderado por Karim Agmadi Yak Daste.
Partido Nasr (também conhecido como Organização Islâmica da Vitória do Afeganistão) - liderado por Muhammad Hussein Sadiqi, Abdul Ali Mazari e Shaykh Shafak.
Corpo dos Guardiões da Revolução Islâmica do Afeganistão - liderado por Sheikh Akbari, Mokhsem Rezai e Sapake Pasdar.
Movimento Islâmico do Afeganistão - liderado por Muhammad Asif Muhsini e Shaykh Sadeq Hashemi. Como um membro do Oito de Teerã, aderiu ao Hezb-e Wahdat, que foi concebido como uma frente política xiita, mas logo se afastou. ^[1]
Comitê do Acordo Islâmico, também conhecido como partido Shura, - liderado por Sayeed Ali Beheshti e Sayeed Djagran.
Movimento da Revolução Islâmica - liderado por Nasrullah Mansur.
União dos Combatentes Islâmicos - liderada por Mosbah Sade, um líder hazara de Bamiã.
Partido Raad - liderado por Shaykh Sayeed Abdul Jaffar Nadiri, Muhammad Hazai Sayeed Ismail Balkhee.

Referências

↑ ^a ^b Ruttig, T. Islamists, Leftists – and a Void in the Center. Afghanistan's Political Parties and where they come from (1902-2006). "The first current was mainly represented in the 1980s by the Sunni Mujahedin tanzim based in Pakistan, the ‘Peshawar Seven’, and the Shia Mujahedin groups based in Iran, the ‘Tehran Eight’. The second current mainly consisted of the People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA), with its two major factions Khalq and Parcham, and the ‘Maoist’ groups that emerged from the demokratik-e newin, or ‘new democracy’, commonly referred to as shola’i. For the third current, there are mainly Afghan Millat with at least three different factions on the Pashtun(ist) side and Settam-e Melli on the Tajik side, with some Uzbek and Turkmen elements, and currently Sazman-e Inqilabi-ye Zahmatkashan-e Afghanistan (SAZA), or ‘Revolutionary Organisation of Afghanistan’s Toilers’ and the new Hezb-e Kangara-ye Melli, or ‘National Congress Party’. There is no current Hazara equivalent to them since Hezb-e Wahdat has absorbed the Hazara demand for religious, political and judicial equality." [1]
↑ «CLEARANCE OF SHAH ANJIR VILLAGE, BALKH PROVINCE». The HALO Trust. 13 de janeiro de 2015. Control over Shah Anjir Village, as well as the valley in which it sits, was being fought over by two Mujahidin groups, Hizb-e Wahdat and Harakat-e Islami. Both groups comprised of Shia Hazara, and together formed part of an alliance of Mujahidin groups known as the Tehran Eight, due to their support from Iran, who fought against the occupying Soviet forces. This support was not only ideological and political, but also material, as Iran provided these groups with arms and other supplies.
↑ «Harakat-e-Islami». TRAC

Este artigo foi inicialmente traduzido, total ou parcialmente, do artigo da Wikipédia em inglês cujo título é «Tehran Eight».

[ruttig-1] Ruttig, T. Islamists, Leftists – and a Void in the Center. Afghanistan's Political Parties and where they come from (1902-2006). "The first current was mainly represented in the 1980s by the Sunni Mujahedin tanzim based in Pakistan, the ‘Peshawar Seven’, and the Shia Mujahedin groups based in Iran, the ‘Tehran Eight’. The second current mainly consisted of the People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA), with its two major factions Khalq and Parcham, and the ‘Maoist’ groups that emerged from the demokratik-e newin, or ‘new democracy’, commonly referred to as shola’i. For the third current, there are mainly Afghan Millat with at least three different factions on the Pashtun(ist) side and Settam-e Melli on the Tajik side, with some Uzbek and Turkmen elements, and currently Sazman-e Inqilabi-ye Zahmatkashan-e Afghanistan (SAZA), or ‘Revolutionary Organisation of Afghanistan’s Toilers’ and the new Hezb-e Kangara-ye Melli, or ‘National Congress Party’. There is no current Hazara equivalent to them since Hezb-e Wahdat has absorbed the Hazara demand for religious, political and judicial equality." [1]

[2] «CLEARANCE OF SHAH ANJIR VILLAGE, BALKH PROVINCE». The HALO Trust. 13 de janeiro de 2015. Control over Shah Anjir Village, as well as the valley in which it sits, was being fought over by two Mujahidin groups, Hizb-e Wahdat and Harakat-e Islami. Both groups comprised of Shia Hazara, and together formed part of an alliance of Mujahidin groups known as the Tehran Eight, due to their support from Iran, who fought against the occupying Soviet forces. This support was not only ideological and political, but also material, as Iran provided these groups with arms and other supplies.

[3] «Harakat-e-Islami». TRAC

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