Identifier: syphilistreatise00haze (find matches)
Title: Syphilis : a treatise on etiology, pathology, diagnosis, prognosis, prophylaxis, and treatment
Year: 1921 (1920s)
Authors: Hazen, H. H. (Henry Honeyman), b. 1879
Subjects: Syphilis Syphilis
Publisher: St. Louis : C.V. Mosby Co.
Contributing Library: Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons and Harvard Medical School

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picture asthe acquired type and cases are on record where atrophic spotshave been discovered in infants a few weeks old, proving, as incases of iritis, their congenital origin. It is as a rule bilateral,and whereas it may be disseminated, is generally of the anteriorvariety, hence may easily be overlooked. Lesions of the retina and optic nerve, like those of the choroid,give no outward signs of their presence, therefore are only recog-nized when an ophthalmoscopic examination is made, and for thisreason, it is indeed essential that infants of parents in whom syph-ilis is knoAvn to exist, should be subjected to a thorough ophthal-moscopic examination at frequent intervals until grown. With the literature at hand, practically nothing can be foundwith regard to retinitis in the acut^ ^orm in infants, the fewcases reported revealing this condition in the atrophic stages.According to Parsons, retinitis is not uncommon in the con-genital form. The retina shows a dusty discrete pigmentation
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Fig. 140.—Interstitial keratitis. CONGENITAL SYPHILIS 451 in the periphery, accompanied by a tigroid condition of the fun-dus in this situation. However, this is only distinguished by thegreater aggregation of pigment from what is often a normalcondition. The optic neuritis of infancy and children is generally asso-ciated with a choroiditis. The papilla is indistinct and hyper-emic and usually there is no edema of the disc, and in manyof these cases atrophy of the optic nerve follows sooner or later. Paralyses of the extraocular muscles, especially the internalmuscles in children, are usually traceable to congenital syphilis.Ingersheimer brings out rather an interesting fact that in twelvecases of nystagmus in young children with negative ophthal-moscopic findings and vision practically normal, the Wassermannreaction was positive in eight cases. Undoubtedly some forms of congenital cataract are of syph-ilitic origin, in so much that they may be the result of a syphiliticinvolvement

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