plants, including ca. 700 endemics. Using our 15-year research experience in Tajikistan and adjacent countries, we also want to unpack various aspects of the magnificent flora of this mountainous region and present the Tajik flora with addition of ca. 250 species that we spotted in Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan (Western & Central Tian-Shan, Western Pamir-Alai). Our photographic guide includes vivid photographs of 1,864 species, as well as their distribution maps, systematic position, biological and ecological features. This edition of the illustrated flora of Tajikistan is substantially enlarged compared to previous ones (Nobis, Nowak, et al., 2011; Nowak et al., 2008; Nowak, Nobis, et al., 2011), updated with new maps and current taxonomy. As the flora of Tajikistan still remains underinvestigated, it is hardly possible to find photographs of the presented species in similar publications or on websites. The users of this book should be aware, that it covers only less than 50% of the total flora of Tajikistan and Middle Asian Mountains, and many of rare and inconspicous plants are not