Imunossenescência

Imunossenescência se refere à deterioração natural do sistema imunológico produzido pelo envelhecimento.^[1]^[2]

Envolve a perda de capacidade do corpo para responder a infecções e à memória imunológica, especialmente a vacinação.^[3]

É considerado um fator de mortalidade entre os idosos.^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]

Ver também

Referências

↑ Ginaldi, L.; M.F. Loreto, M.P. Corsi, M. Modesti, and M. de Martinis (2001). «Immunosenescence and infectious diseases». Microbes and Infection. 3 (10): 851–857. PMID 11580980. doi:10.1016/S1286-4579(01)01443-5
↑ Franceschi, C.; M. Bonafè and S. Valensin (2000). «Human immunosenescence: the prevailing of innate immunity, the failing of clonotypic immunity, and the filling of immunological space». Vaccine. 18 (16): 1717–1720. PMID 10689155. doi:10.1016/S0264-410X(99)00513-7
↑ Muszkat, M; E. Greenbaum, A. Ben-Yehuda, M. Oster, E. Yeu'l, S. Heimann, R. Levy, G. Friedman, and Z. Zakay-Rones (2003). «Local and systemic immune response in nursing-home elderly following intranasal or intramuscular immunization with inactivated influenza vaccine». Vaccine. 21 (11–12): 1180–1186. PMID 12559796. doi:10.1016/S0264-410X(02)00481-4
↑ Franceschi, C.; S. Valensin, F. Fagnoni, C. Barbi and M. Bonafe (1999). «Biomarkers of immunosenescence within an evolutionary perspective: the challenge of heterogeneity and the role of antigenic load». Experimental Gerontology. 34 (8): 911–921. doi:10.1016/S0531-5565(99)00068-6
↑ Ito, K; A. Hirao, F. Arai, S. Matsuoka, K. Takubo, I. Hamaguchi, K. Nomiyama, K. Hosokawa, K. Sakurada, N. Nakagata, Y. Ikeda, T. W. Mak, and T. Suda. (2004). «Regulation of oxidative stress by ATM is required for self-renewal of haematopoietic stem cells». Nature. 431 (7011): 997–1002. PMID 15496926. doi:10.1038/nature02989
↑ Lord, J.M.; S. Butcher, V. Killampali, D. Lascelles, and M. Salmon (2001). «Neutrophil ageing and immunesenescence». Mech Ageing Dev. 122 (14): 1521–1535. PMID 11511394. doi:10.1016/S0047-6374(01)00285-8
↑ Strout, R.D.; J. Suttles. (2005). «Immunosenescence and macrophage functional plasticity: dysregulation of macrophage function by age-associated microenvironmental changes». Immunol Rev. 205: 60–71. PMC 1201508. PMID 15882345. doi:10.1111/j.0105-2896.2005.00260.x
↑ Bruunsgaard, H.; A. N. Pedersen, M. Schroll, P. Skinhoj, and B. K. Pedersen. (2001). «Decreased natural killer cell activity is associated with atherosclerosis in elderly humans». Exp Gerontol. 37 (1): 127–136. PMID 11738153. doi:10.1016/S0531-5565(01)00162-0
↑ Mocchegiani, E; M. Malavolta (2004). «NK and NKT cell functions in immunosenescence». Aging Cell. 3 (4): 177–184. PMID 15268751. doi:10.1111/j.1474-9728.2004.00107.x
↑ Uyemura, K.; S. C. Castle, and T. Makinodan (2002). «The frail elderly: role of dendritic cells in the susceptibility of infection». Mech Ageing Dev. 123 (8): 955–962. PMID 12044944. doi:10.1016/S0047-6374(02)00033-7

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[Ginaldi2001-1] Ginaldi, L.; M.F. Loreto, M.P. Corsi, M. Modesti, and M. de Martinis (2001). «Immunosenescence and infectious diseases». Microbes and Infection. 3 (10): 851–857. PMID 11580980. doi:10.1016/S1286-4579(01)01443-5

[Franceschi2000-2] Franceschi, C.; M. Bonafè and S. Valensin (2000). «Human immunosenescence: the prevailing of innate immunity, the failing of clonotypic immunity, and the filling of immunological space». Vaccine. 18 (16): 1717–1720. PMID 10689155. doi:10.1016/S0264-410X(99)00513-7

[3] Muszkat, M; E. Greenbaum, A. Ben-Yehuda, M. Oster, E. Yeu'l, S. Heimann, R. Levy, G. Friedman, and Z. Zakay-Rones (2003). «Local and systemic immune response in nursing-home elderly following intranasal or intramuscular immunization with inactivated influenza vaccine». Vaccine. 21 (11–12): 1180–1186. PMID 12559796. doi:10.1016/S0264-410X(02)00481-4

[Franceschi1999-4] Franceschi, C.; S. Valensin, F. Fagnoni, C. Barbi and M. Bonafe (1999). «Biomarkers of immunosenescence within an evolutionary perspective: the challenge of heterogeneity and the role of antigenic load». Experimental Gerontology. 34 (8): 911–921. doi:10.1016/S0531-5565(99)00068-6

[5] Ito, K; A. Hirao, F. Arai, S. Matsuoka, K. Takubo, I. Hamaguchi, K. Nomiyama, K. Hosokawa, K. Sakurada, N. Nakagata, Y. Ikeda, T. W. Mak, and T. Suda. (2004). «Regulation of oxidative stress by ATM is required for self-renewal of haematopoietic stem cells». Nature. 431 (7011): 997–1002. PMID 15496926. doi:10.1038/nature02989

[6] Lord, J.M.; S. Butcher, V. Killampali, D. Lascelles, and M. Salmon (2001). «Neutrophil ageing and immunesenescence». Mech Ageing Dev. 122 (14): 1521–1535. PMID 11511394. doi:10.1016/S0047-6374(01)00285-8

[7] Strout, R.D.; J. Suttles. (2005). «Immunosenescence and macrophage functional plasticity: dysregulation of macrophage function by age-associated microenvironmental changes». Immunol Rev. 205: 60–71. PMC 1201508. PMID 15882345. doi:10.1111/j.0105-2896.2005.00260.x

[8] Bruunsgaard, H.; A. N. Pedersen, M. Schroll, P. Skinhoj, and B. K. Pedersen. (2001). «Decreased natural killer cell activity is associated with atherosclerosis in elderly humans». Exp Gerontol. 37 (1): 127–136. PMID 11738153. doi:10.1016/S0531-5565(01)00162-0

[Mocchegiani2004-9] Mocchegiani, E; M. Malavolta (2004). «NK and NKT cell functions in immunosenescence». Aging Cell. 3 (4): 177–184. PMID 15268751. doi:10.1111/j.1474-9728.2004.00107.x

[10] Uyemura, K.; S. C. Castle, and T. Makinodan (2002). «The frail elderly: role of dendritic cells in the susceptibility of infection». Mech Ageing Dev. 123 (8): 955–962. PMID 12044944. doi:10.1016/S0047-6374(02)00033-7

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