Howard Zehr

Howard Zehr (nascido em 2 de julho de 1944) é reconhecido mundialmente como um dos pioneiros da justiça restaurativa.

Dados biográficos

Howard Zehr.

Sua proposta de trabalho ampliou-se vastamente durante o primeiro programa de encontro vítima infrator nos Estados Unidos. Seu livro, Changing Lenses: A New Focus for Crime and Justice (Trocando as Lentes: Um Novo Foco sobre Crime e Justiça) é considerada uma obra fundamental no âmbito da justiça restaurativa.

Atualmente é professor de Sociologia e Justiça Restaurativa na Eastern Mennonite University, no graduate Conflict Transformation Program (curso de graduação Programa de Transformação de Conflitos) em (Harrisonburg (Virgínia)), Estados Unidos, e co-diretor do Center for Justice and Peacebuilding.

Anteriormente, Howard atuou por 19 anos como diretor do Departamento de Crime e Justiça do Comitê Central Menonita dos Estados Unidos. Além disso, ele foi fundador e Diretor da Elkhart County PACT, agora o Centro de Justiça Comunitária, o primeiro programa de reconciliação entre vítimas e infratores dos Estados Unidos.

Ele começou sua carreira na área jurídica como Professor Associado e Co-diretor do curso de Ciências Sociais e Projeto de Lei da Universidade de Talladega, na cidade de Talladega (Alabama).

Howard também trabalhou profissionalmente como fotógrafo e fotojornalista na América do Norte e internacionalmente.

Além de professor e escritor, Howard Zehr é também consultor, conferencista e multiplicador internacional, atendendo a profissionais de direito e instituições no mundo todo. Durante o julgamento do terrorista americano Timothy McVeigh (1997), que perpetrou o atentado de Oklahoma em Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, ao explodir o Edifício Federal Alfred P. Murrah que, entre outros, abrigava um escritório do FBI, Howard foi nomeado pelo tribunal federal americano para ajudar a defesa no trabalho com as vítimas, uma iniciativa nova há época.

Em 2003 ganhou o prêmio International Prize for Restorative Justice da Prison Fellowship International’s Centre for Justice and Reconciliation. Também ganhou o Community of Christ International Peace Award no ano de 2006.

Howard Zehr continua atuando dentro do sistema de justiça criminal dos Estados Unidos, dando suporte ao trabalho com as vítimas.

Hoje vem orientando seu trabalho de pesquisa para o estudo das vítimas na justiça restaurativa e da sua aplicação nos casos de violência grave.

Bibliografia

• Fundamental Concepts of Restorative Justice.. Akron, Pennsylvania: Mennonite Central Committee. 1997
• Justice: Retribution or Restoration?. Peacework Magazine on the web, April 1999. 1999
• Restorative Justice: When Justice and Healing Go Together. Track Two. 6(3&4) 1997
• "Restorative Justice Signposts: Victim Involvement". OVA Newsletter, Mary Achilles, Victim Advocate, Vol. 4, Issue 1. 2000
• "Family Group Conferences: A Challenge to Victim Offender Mediation?". Victim Offenders Mediation Association Quarterly 7(1):4-8. 1996
• "Justice Paradigm Shift? Values and Visions in the Reform Process.". Mediation Quarterly 12(3):207-216. 1995
• Changing Lenses: A New Focus for Crime and Justice (Trocando as Lentes: Um Novo Foco sobre Crime e Justiça). Scottsdale, PA: Herald Press, 271p. 1990
• "Justice: Stumbling Toward a Restorative Ideal.". In: P. Arthur (ed.), Justice: The Restorative Vision. New Perspectives on Crime and Justice (Issue #7). Akron, PA: Mennonite Central Committee Office of Criminal Justice, pp. 1-15. 1989
• "Retributive Justice, Restorative Justice.". New Perspectives on Crime and Justice (Issue #4). Akron, PA: Mennonite Central Committee Office of Criminal Justice, September, 16p. 1985
• "Mediating the Victim-Offender Conflict.". New Perspectives on Crime and Justice (Issue #2). Akron, PA: Mennonite Central Committee Office of Criminal Justice, September, 30p. 1980
• "Victim Offender Reconciliation: An Incarceration Substitute?". Federal Probation 46(4):63-68. 1982
• Doing Life: Reflections of Men and Women Serving Life Sentences.. Intercourse, PA: Good Books. 1998
• "Justice that heals: The practice. Paper presented at the Making Crime Pay conference. Wellington, New Zealand, June 1994.". Stimulus 2 (August): 69-74. 1994
• Restorative Family Group Conferences: Differing Models and Guidelines for Practice. Federal Probation. 60(3): 24-29. 1996
• "Restorative justice for crime victims: The promise and the challenge.". In Restorative community justice: Repairing harm and transforming communities, ed. Gordon Bazemore and Mara Schiff, 87-99. With an introduction by Gordon Bazemore and Mara Schiff. Cincinnati, OH: Anderson Publishing Co. 2001
• "Restorative Justice: The Concept.". Corrections Today. 59(7):68-70. 1997
• "Ways of knowing for a restorative worldview.". Photocopied draft. 2000
• Restorative justice sign posts.. Conciliation Quarterly 20 (3): 11. 2001
• Journey to Belonging: Flight from shame. Reflections: A Journal of the Conflict Transformation Program 1: 6-9. 2002
• Restoring Justice: Envisioning a Justice Process Focused on Healing - Not Punishment. The Other Side 33(5), Sept - Dec 1997. 1997
• Restorative justice and substance abuse: The path ahead. In Bringing restorative justice to adolescent substance abuse, ed. Kathryn G. Herr. Special issue of Youth & Society 33 (December), 314-328. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. 2001
• Fundamental Concepts of Restorative Justice. Contemporary Justice Review. 1: 47-55. Reprinted in Restorative Justice. Declan Roche (2003), ed. Pp. 73-81. The International Library of Essays in Law & Legal Theory, Second Series. Aldershot, Hants, England: Dartmouth/Ashgate. 1998
• Victim offender conferencing in Pennsylvania’s juvenile justice system. Harrisonburg, PA: Eastern Mennonite University, Conflict Transformation Program. 1998
• Restorative justice. Corrections Today. 59(7): 68-114 1997
• Journey to belonging. Paper presented at the Fourth International Conference on Restorative Justice for Juveniles, October (Tübingen, Germany). 2000
• Journey to Belonging. Paper presented at the Just Peace? Peace Making and Peace Building for the New Millennium conference, held in Auckland, New Zealand, 24-28 April. Auckland, New Zealand: Massey University, School of Social and Cultural Studies, Centre for Justice and Peace Development. 2000
• Paradigms of justice- old and new. In Spiritual roots of restorative justice: A collection of faith community perspectives, 37. Ontario, Canada: Ontario Multifaith Council on Spiritual & Religious Care. 2000
• Journey to Belonging. In, Elmar G.M. Weitekamp and Han-Jurgen Kerner, Restorative Justice: Theoretical Foundations. Deon, UK: Willan Publishing. Pp. 21-31. 2002
• The Little Book of Restorative Justice. Intercourse, PA: Good Books. 2002
• Re-Thinking Criminal Justice: Restorative Justice. Re-Thinking Criminal Justice. 1(May): 1-13. 1995
• Restoring justice. In God and the victim: Theological reflections on evil, victimization, justice, and forgiveness, ed. Lisa Barnes Lampman and Michelle D. Shattuck, 131-159. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company; and Neighbors Who Care: Washington, D.C. 1999
• Rethinking God, Justice, and Treatment of Offenders. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation. 35(3/4): 259-285. 2002
• Critical Issues in Restorative Justice: An Inadequate and Overlapping Outline. VOMA Connections 12 (Autumn). Downloaded 22 June 2004. 2002
• Taking Victims and Their Advocates Seriously: A Listening Project. Harrisonburg,VA: Institute for Justice and Peacebuilding at Eastern Mennonite University.
• Ways of Knowing for a Restorative Worldview. In, Elmar Weitekamp and Hans-Jurgen Kerner, eds. Restorative Justice in Context: International Practice and Directions.Devon, UK and Portland Oregon: Willan Publishing. Pp. 257-271. 2003
• Justice as Restoration, Justice as Respect. Justice Professional. 11: 71-87. 1998
• Mediating the Victim-Offender Conflict. Mennonite Central Committee. Victim Offender Reconciliation Program. 1980
• Critical Issues in Restorative Justice. Monsey, New York and Cullompton, Devon, UK: Criminal Justice Press and Willan Publishing. 2004
• A Restorative Framework for Community Justice Practice. In, Kieran McEvoy and Tim Newburn,eds., Criminology, Conflict Resolution and Restorative Justice. Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK and New York, NY: Palgrave MacMillan. Pp. 135-152. 2003
• A call for thoughtful response: Conflict Transformation staff thoughts on trauma and healing. Harrisonburg, VA: Eastern Mennonite University, Conflict Transformation Program. 2001
• Listening to Victims--A Critique of Restorative Justice Policy and Practice in the United States. Federal Probation. 68(1): 32-38. 2004
• Family group conferences: A challenge to victim offender mediation?. Accord, a publication of Canadian Mennonite Central Committee. 1996
• Transcending: Reflections of Crime Victims. Intercourse, PA: Good Books. 2001
• The Meaning of Life: Working at the Healing Edge. Offender Program Report. 11:71-87. 1998
• Justice Alternative: A Restorative Approach. The Corrections Psychologist. 30(1). 1998
• Justice Alternatives: A Restorative Perspective. Imbizo. February. 1996
• Restitution Reduces Recidivism. Crime and Justice Network Newsletter. Oct 1990 - Mar 1991. p7. Dowloaded 20 January 2005. 1990
• Evaluation and Restorative Justice Principles.. In Elizabeth Elliott and Robert M. Gordon, eds., New Directions in Restorative Justice: Issues, Practice, Evaluation. Cullompton, UK: Willan Publishing. Pp. 296-303. 2005
• The little book of family group conferences: New Zealand style.. Intercourse, PA: Good Books. 2004
• Restaurando relaciones: Una manera distinta de hacer justicia. San Salvador, El Salvador: Asociación Bienestar Yek Ineme 2001
• The ideas of engagement and empowerment. in, Gerry Johnstone and Daniel W. Van Ness, eds., Handbook of Restorative Justice. Cullompton, Devon: Willan Publishing. pp. 41-58 2007
• Avaliação e princípios da justiça restaurativa.. en, Catherin Slakmon, Maíra Rocha Machado and Pierpaolo Cruz Bottini (eds.), Novas Direções na Governança da Justiça e da Segurança (Brasília- D.F.: Ministry of Justice of Brazil, United Nations Development Programme – Brazil, and the School of Law of the Getulio Vargas Foundation - São Paulo). pp. 411- 417. 2006
• Maneiras de conhecer para uma visão restaurativa de mundo.. en, Catherin Slakmon, Maíra Rocha Machado and Pierpaolo Cruz Bottini (eds.), Novas Direções na Governança da Justiça e da Segurança (Brasília- D.F.: Ministry of Justice of Brazil, United Nations Development Programme – Brazil, and the School of Law of the Getulio Vargas Foundation - São Paulo). pp. 419-432. 2006
• El pequeño libro de la justicia restaurativa.. Intercourse, PA: Good Books. 2007
• Why Can't We Just Apologize?. The Crime Victims Report. 11(3):38. 2007