Epinephelus

Epinephelus; Intervalo temporal: Eoceno − Presente; 55–0 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Epinephelus fasciatus
	Epinephelus tukula
Classificação científica
Reino:	Animalia
Filo:	Chordata
Classe:	Actinopterygii
Ordem:	Perciformes
Família:	Epinephelidae
Gênero:	Epinephelus; Bloch, 1793
Espécie-tipo
	Epinephelus marginalis; Bloch, 1793
Sinónimos
	Altiserranus Whitley, 1947; Cerna Bonaparte, 1833; Cernua [Costa, 1849; Cynichthys Swainson, 1839; Enneistus D.S. Jordan & Evermann, 1896; Garrupa D.S. Jordan, 1890; Homalogrystes Alleyne & Macleay, 1877; Hyposerranus Klunzinger, 1884; Itaiara Vaillant & Bocourt, 1878; Labroperca Gill, 1862; Merou Bonaparte (ex Cuvier), 1831; Merus Poey (ex Cuvier), 1871; Phrynotitan Gill, 1885; Priacanthichthys Day, 1868; Promicrops Poey (ex Gill), 1868; Stereolepoides Fowler, 1923;

Epinephelus é um género que inclui os peixes de nome comum garoupas, chernes, badejos e meros.

Espécies

As 89 espécies reconhecidas neste gênero são:^[4]

Epinephelus adscensionis (Osbeck, 1765)
Epinephelus aeneus (É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817)
Epinephelus akaara (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843)
Epinephelus albomarginatus Boulenger, 1903
Epinephelus amblycephalus (Bleeker, 1857)
Epinephelus analogus T. N. Gill, 1863
Epinephelus andersoni Boulenger, 1903
Epinephelus areolatus (Forsskål, 1775)
Epinephelus awoara (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843)
Epinephelus bilobatus J. E. Randall & G. R. Allen, 1987
Epinephelus bleekeri (Vaillant, 1878)
Epinephelus bontoides (Bleeker, 1855)
Epinephelus bruneus Bloch, 1793
Epinephelus caninus (Valenciennes, 1843)
Epinephelus chabaudi (Castelnau, 1861)
Epinephelus chlorocephalus (Valenciennes, 1830)
Epinephelus chlorostigma (Valenciennes, 1828)
Epinephelus cifuentesi Lavenberg & Grove, 1993
Epinephelus clippertonensis G. R. Allen & D. R. Robertson, 1999
Epinephelus coeruleopunctatus (Bloch, 1790)
Epinephelus coioides (F. Hamilton, 1822)
Epinephelus corallicola (Valenciennes, 1828)
Epinephelus costae (Steindachner, 1878)
Epinephelus craigi Frable, Tucker & Walker, 2018^[5]
Epinephelus cyanopodus (J. Richardson, 1846)
Epinephelus daemelii (Günther, 1876)
Epinephelus darwinensis J. E. Randall & Heemstra, 1991
Epinephelus diacanthus (Valenciennes, 1828)
Epinephelus drummondhayi Goode & T. H. Bean, 1878
Epinephelus epistictus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843)
Epinephelus erythrurus (Valenciennes, 1828)
Epinephelus fasciatomaculosus (W. K. H. Peters, 1865)
Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål, 1775)
Epinephelus faveatus (Valenciennes, 1828)
Epinephelus flavocaeruleus (Lacépède, 1802)
Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Forsskål, 1775)
Epinephelus fuscomarginatus Johnson & Worthington Wilmer, 2019 ^[6]
Epinephelus gabriellae J. E. Randall & Heemstra, 1991
Epinephelus geoffroyi (Klunzinger, 1870)^[7]
Epinephelus goreensis (Valenciennes, 1830)
Epinephelus guttatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Epinephelus heniochus Fowler, 1904
Epinephelus hexagonatus (Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801)
Epinephelus howlandi (Günther, 1873)
Epinephelus indistinctus J. E. Randall & Heemstra, 1991
Epinephelus irroratus (Forster, 1801)
Epinephelus itajara (Lichtenstein, 1822)
Epinephelus kupangensis Tucker, Kurniasih & Craig, 2016 ^[8]
Epinephelus labriformis (L. Jenyns, 1840)
Epinephelus lanceolatus (Bloch, 1790)
Epinephelus latifasciatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843)
Epinephelus lebretonianus (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1853)
Epinephelus longispinis (Kner, 1864)
Epinephelus macrospilos (Bleeker, 1855)
Epinephelus maculatus (Bloch, 1790)
Epinephelus magniscuttis Postel, Fourmanoir & Guézé, 1963
Epinephelus malabaricus (Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801)
Epinephelus marginatus (R. T. Lowe, 1834)
Epinephelus melanostigma Schultz, 1953
Epinephelus merra Bloch, 1793
Epinephelus miliaris (Valenciennes, 1830)
Epinephelus morio (Valenciennes, 1828)
Epinephelus morrhua (Valenciennes, 1833)
Epinephelus multinotatus (W. K. H. Peters, 1876)
Epinephelus ongus (Bloch, 1790)
Epinephelus poecilonotus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843)
Epinephelus polylepis J. E. Randall & Heemstra, 1991
Epinephelus polyphekadion (Bleeker, 1849)
Epinephelus polystigma (Bleeker, 1853)
Epinephelus posteli Fourmanoir & Crosnier, 1964
Epinephelus quinquefasciatus (Bocourt, 1868)
Epinephelus quoyanus (Valenciennes, 1830)
Epinephelus radiatus (F. Day, 1868)
Epinephelus randalli Hoshino, Denou & Nguyen 2024
Epinephelus retouti Bleeker, 1868
Epinephelus rivulatus (Valenciennes, 1830)
Epinephelus sexfasciatus (Valenciennes, 1828)
Epinephelus socialis (Günther, 1873)
Epinephelus spilotoceps Schultz, 1953
Epinephelus stictus J. E. Randall & G. R. Allen, 1987
Epinephelus stoliczkae (F. Day, 1875)
Epinephelus striatus (Bloch, 1792)
Epinephelus suborbitalis Amaoka & J. E. Randall, 1990
Epinephelus summana (Forsskål, 1775)
Epinephelus tankahkeei Wu, Qu, Lin, Tang & Ding 2020^[9]
Epinephelus tauvina (Forsskål, 1775)
Epinephelus timorensis J. E. Randall & G. R. Allen, 1987
Epinephelus trimaculatus (Valenciennes, 1828)
Epinephelus trophis J. E. Randall & G. R. Allen, 1987
Epinephelus tuamotuensis Fourmanoir, 1971
Epinephelus tukula Morgans, 1959
Epinephelus undulatostriatus (W. K. H. Peters, 1867)
Epinephelus undulosus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)

Galeria

Referências

↑ Jack Sepkoski. Shanan E. Peters, ed. «1393 genera are assigned to the class OSTEICHTHYES». Sepkoski Online. University of Wisconsin-Madison. Consultado em 22 de julho de 2020
↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron; van der Laan, Richard (eds.). «Epinephelus». Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Consultado em 22 de junho de 2020
↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron; van der Laan, Richard (eds.). Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=genus&family=Epinephelinae. Consultado em 22 de junho de 2020 Em falta ou vazio |título= (ajuda)
↑ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). Espécies de Epinephelus em FishBase. Versão de Abril de 2006.
↑ Benjamin W. Frable; Sarah J. Tucker; H.J. Walker Jr. (2019). «A new species of grouper, Epinephelus craigi (Perciformes: Epinephelidae), from the South China Sea». Ichthyological Research. 66 (2): 215–224. doi:10.1007/s10228-018-0669-9
↑ Johnson, J.; Worthington Wilmer, J. (2019). «Epinephelus fuscomarginatus (Perciformes: Epinephelidae), a new species of grouper from off the Great Barrier Reef, Australia». Zootaxa. 4674 (3): zootaxa.4674.3.2. PMID 31716001. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4674.3.2
↑ Predefinição:Cof genus
↑ Tucker, S.J., Kurniasih, E.M. & Craig, M.T. (2016): A New Species of Grouper (Epinephelus; Epinephelidae) from the Indo-Pacific. Copeia, 104 (3): 658–662.
↑ Haohao Wu; Meng Qu; Hungdu Lin; Wei Tang; Shaoxiong Ding (2020). «Epinephelus tankahkeei, a new species of grouper (Teleostei, Perciformes, Epinephelidae) from the South China Sea». ZooKeys (933): 125–137. PMC 7248128. PMID 32508492. doi:10.3897/zookeys.933.46406

«Epinephelus» (em inglês). ITIS (www.itis.gov)
Dieter Eichler, Robert F. Myers: Korallenfische Indopazifik, Jahr-Verlag GmbH & Co., ISBN 3-86132-225-0
Ewald Lieske, Robert F. Myers: Korallenfische der Welt. Jahr Top Special Verlag Hamburg, ISBN 3-86132-112-2
Hans A. Baensch / Robert A. Patzner: Mergus Meerwasser-Atlas Band 7 Perciformes (Barschartige). Mergus-Verlag, Melle, ISBN 3-88244-107-0
Phillip C. Heemstra: Groupers of the World (Family Serranidae, Subfamily Epinephelinae) An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of the Grouper, Rockcod, Hind, Coral Grouper and Lyretail Species. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. Vol. 16. FAO Rom 1993; Seiten 69–251. (Vollständiges PDF)

[Sepkoski2002-1] Jack Sepkoski. Shanan E. Peters, ed. «1393 genera are assigned to the class OSTEICHTHYES». Sepkoski Online. University of Wisconsin-Madison. Consultado em 22 de julho de 2020

[CofFG-2] Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron; van der Laan, Richard (eds.). «Epinephelus». Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Consultado em 22 de junho de 2020

[Coffs-3] Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron; van der Laan, Richard (eds.). Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=genus&family=Epinephelinae. Consultado em 22 de junho de 2020 Em falta ou vazio |título= (ajuda)

[FB-4] Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). Espécies de Epinephelus em FishBase. Versão de Abril de 2006.

[FTW-5] Benjamin W. Frable; Sarah J. Tucker; H.J. Walker Jr. (2019). «A new species of grouper, Epinephelus craigi (Perciformes: Epinephelidae), from the South China Sea». Ichthyological Research. 66 (2): 215–224. doi:10.1007/s10228-018-0669-9

[JohnsonWilmer2019-6] Johnson, J.; Worthington Wilmer, J. (2019). «Epinephelus fuscomarginatus (Perciformes: Epinephelidae), a new species of grouper from off the Great Barrier Reef, Australia». Zootaxa. 4674 (3): zootaxa.4674.3.2. PMID 31716001. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4674.3.2

[CofFEG-7] Predefinição:Cof genus

[Tucker2016-8] Tucker, S.J., Kurniasih, E.M. & Craig, M.T. (2016): A New Species of Grouper (Epinephelus; Epinephelidae) from the Indo-Pacific. Copeia, 104 (3): 658–662.

[WQLTD-9] Haohao Wu; Meng Qu; Hungdu Lin; Wei Tang; Shaoxiong Ding (2020). «Epinephelus tankahkeei, a new species of grouper (Teleostei, Perciformes, Epinephelidae) from the South China Sea». ZooKeys (933): 125–137. PMC 7248128. PMID 32508492. doi:10.3897/zookeys.933.46406

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