Hsen Hsu Hu: diferenças entre revisões
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[[Imagem:Hu Hsen Hsu and Hu Shih.jpg|thumb| |
[[Imagem:Hu Hsen Hsu and Hu Shih.jpg|thumb|260px|Hsen Hsu Hu (à esquerda) junto a [[Hu Shih]].]] |
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[[File:Sanlaomu 6899.jpg|260px|thumb|"Túmulo dos Três Anciãos", local de sepultamento de [[Chen Fenghuai]] (esquerda), [[Hu Xiansu]] (centro) e [[Ren-Chang Ching]] (direita) no [[Jardim Botânico de Lushan]].]] |
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'''Hsen Hsu Hu''' ( [[Pequim]] , [[20 de abril]] de [[1894]] – [[1968]] ) foi um [[botânico]] [[china|chinês]]. |
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'''Hsen Hsu Hu''', '''Hu Hsien-Hsu''' ou '''Hu Xiansu''' ([[Pequim]] , [[20 de abril]] de [[1894]] — [[Beijing]], [[16 de julho]] de [[1968]]), {{zh|s=胡先骕|t=胡先驌|p=Hú Xiānsù}}, foi um [[botânico]] e um influente académico tradicional do seu tempo. Foi o fundador da [[taxonomia vegetal]] na [[China]] e um pioneiro da investigação moderna em [[botânica]] e [[paleobotânica]] naquele país.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Hu |first1=Xiaojiang |last2=Ma |first2=Jinshuang |date=2022-04-01 |title=The Founder of Plant Taxonomy in China: HU Hsen-Hsu |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s13238-021-00877-0 |journal=Protein & Cell |language=en |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=231–233 |doi=10.1007/s13238-021-00877-0 |issn=1674-8018 |pmc=8934367 |pmid=34564807}}</ref> É também conhecido por ser cofundador do ''[[The Critical Review (jornal chinês)|The Critical Review Journal]]''.<ref> {{cite journal |last =Bell |first = Andrew W.|title =A Tree Grows in China |journal =Journal of American-East Asian Relations |volume =23 |issue = 3 |pages =257–281 |date =2016 |url = http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/journals/10.1163/18765610-02303006 |doi = 10.1163/18765610-02303006 }}.</ref> |
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==Biografia== |
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Hu Xiansu studied preparatory course at [[Imperial University of Peking]] in 1909. In 1912 after the [[Xinhai Revolution|1911 Revolution]] he went to America, and graduated from [[University of California, Berkeley]] in 1916. In 1918, he became a faculty member of [[National Nanking Higher Normal School]] and then [[National Southeastern University]] (later renamed [[National Central University]] and [[Nanking University]]). He went to America again in 1923 and received a doctor's degree from [[Harvard University]] in 1925. His wife died in [[Nanking]] in 1926, then he resigned from Department of Biology of Southeastern University and became a full-time research fellow at Institute of Biology of [[China Science Society]]. He co-founded Fan Memorial Institute of Biology in [[Beiping]] (Beijing) in 1928. He co-founded [[Lushan Botanical Garden]] in 1934 along with [[Ren-Chang Ching]] and [[Chen Fenghuai]], he also founded the [[Yunnan]] Institute of Agriculture and Forest (later renamed [[Kunming Institute of Botany]], [[Chinese Academy of Sciences]]) in 1938.<ref name=":0" /> |
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Along with his colleagues of the [[Science Society of China]], Hu was a key leader of the first biological research institute in the country, and played an important role in founding the [[Botanical Society of China]]. He established the first plantation for botanical research at [[Mount Lu]] in [[Jiujiang]], and initiated or conducted large-scale survey of [[flora]] of China. |
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Between 1940 and 1944, he was the founding president of the National Chung Cheng University (renamed [[Jiangxi Normal University|National Nanchang University]] in 1949). In the 1940s, he played a key role, along with [[Wan Chun Cheng]], in identifying the modern existence of the genus [[Metasequoia]], an achievement widely regarded as "the greatest discovery of botany in 20th century",<ref>{{Cite book |last1=LePage |first1=Ben A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JfiWU-1GSqEC&pg=PA369 |title=The Geobiology and Ecology of Metasequoia |last2=Williams |first2=Christopher J. |last3=Yang |first3=Hong |date=2005-03-30 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-1-4020-2631-7 |language=en}}</ref> also co-naming the [[Metasequoia glyptostroboides|newly discovered species]] previously known only from fossils, in [[Sichuan]], [[China]].{{sfnb|Bell|2016|pp = 263, 269, 279}} |
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In the 1950s, [[Trofim Lysenko|Lysenko]]'s anti-Mendelian doctrines in [[genetics]] dominated biological science and agricultural practices in China. In such environment, Hu was openly critical to Lysenko's doctrine, stating it as [[pseudoscience]]. For this Hu was publicly denounced, and the textbook he wrote containing material related was banned. Later Hu was not elected as an Academician to the Chinese Academy of Sciences despite his numerous contributions, something attributed to his opposition to [[Lysenkoism]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=沈善炯回忆录：历尽磨难回国，被迫"改行"，却仍做出重大贡献-深度-知识分子 |url=http://zhishifenzi.com/depth/character/11089.html |access-date=2023-02-09 |website=zhishifenzi.com}}</ref> |
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Between 1950 and 1968, he served as a researcher at the Institute of Plant Taxonomy and the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences. |
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== Later life and death == |
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In the midst of the [[Cultural Revolution]] (1966-1976), in May 1968 Hu was informed by his workplace that his salary "was suspended". His home was repeatedly ransacked and the books, calligraphy and paintings he had collected throughout his lifetime were confiscated by the workplace. Hu had to endure repeated [[struggle sessions]], in which he was ordered to wear the [[Kuomintang flag]] to signify his past relation. On July 15, he was notified to go to his workplace the next day to attend extended struggle sessions, the stress that the news caused on Hu was massive. On the early morning of July 16, 1968, Hu was found dead on his bed, having suffered a [[myocardial infarction]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-06 |title=新书介绍:《胡先骕先生年谱长篇》 - 中国知网 |url=https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFD&dbname=CJFD2008&filename=ZWFX200805015 |access-date=2023-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220606063635/https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFD&dbname=CJFD2008&filename=ZWFX200805015 |archive-date=2022-06-06 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=得书记︱我的胡先骕手迹收藏_上海书评_澎湃新闻-The Paper |url=https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_2306744 |access-date=2023-01-20 |website=www.thepaper.cn}}</ref> |
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Hu's funeral was commenced in the [[Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery]] on May 15, 1979. He was buried at [[Lushan Botanical Garden]] at [[Mount Lu]] on May 15, 1984. |
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==Publicações== |
==Publicações== |
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* Com [[Ren Chang Ching]] (1898-1986), ''Icones filicum sinicarum'' [[1930]]. |
* Com [[Ren Chang Ching]] (1898-1986), ''Icones filicum sinicarum'' [[1930]]. |
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* Com [[Woon Young Chun]] (1890-1971), ''Icones plantarum sinicarum'' [[1927]]-[[1937]]. |
* Com [[Woon Young Chun]] (1890-1971), ''Icones plantarum sinicarum'' [[1927]]-[[1937]]. |
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==Referências== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==Ver também== |
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*[[Science Society of China]] |
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=={{Links}}== |
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{{commons category|Hu Hsen Hsu}} |
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{{wikispecies|Hsen Hsu Hu}} |
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*[http://www.fna.org/china/Harvard_Papers/Ma_8_1_009_018.pdf THE CHRONOLOGY OF THE “LIVING FOSSIL” METASEQUOIA GLYPTOSTROBOIDES (TAXODIACEAE): A REVIEW (1943–2003)] |
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{{Botânico|Hu}} |
{{Botânico|Hu}} |
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{{esboço-biografia}} |
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{{NF|1894|1968}} |
{{NF|1894|1968}} |
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{{Portal3|Botânica|História da ciência|Biografia|China}} |
{{Portal3|Botânica|História da ciência|Biografia|China}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Hu, Xiansu}} |
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[[Categoria:Botânicos da China|Hsen Hsu Hu]] |
[[Categoria:Botânicos da China|Hsen Hsu Hu]] |
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Revisão das 12h35min de 2 de setembro de 2023
| Hsen Hsu Hu | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Nascimento | 24 de maio de 1894 Xinjian District |
| Morte | 16 de julho de 1968 (74 anos) Pequim |
| Sepultamento | Tomb of the three elders |
| Cidadania | Dinastia Qing, República da China, China |
| Alma mater | |
| Ocupação | biólogo, botânico, membro facultativo |
| Empregador(a) | Universidade de Nanquim, Universidade de Pequim, Universidade Normal de Pequim |
| Obras destacadas | Fan Memorial Institute of Biology, Botanical Society of China, Lushan Botanical Garden |
Hsen Hsu Hu, Hu Hsien-Hsu ou Hu Xiansu (Pequim , 20 de abril de 1894 — Beijing, 16 de julho de 1968), chinês tradicional: 胡先驌, chinês simplificado: 胡先骕, pinyin: Hú Xiānsù, foi um botânico e um influente académico tradicional do seu tempo. Foi o fundador da taxonomia vegetal na China e um pioneiro da investigação moderna em botânica e paleobotânica naquele país.[1] É também conhecido por ser cofundador do The Critical Review Journal.[2]
Publicações
- Com Ren Chang Ching (1898-1986), Icones filicum sinicarum 1930.
- Com Woon Young Chun (1890-1971), Icones plantarum sinicarum 1927-1937.
Referências
- ↑ Hu, Xiaojiang; Ma, Jinshuang (1 de abril de 2022). «The Founder of Plant Taxonomy in China: HU Hsen-Hsu». Protein & Cell (em inglês). 13 (4): 231–233. ISSN 1674-8018. PMC 8934367
. PMID 34564807. doi:10.1007/s13238-021-00877-0
- ↑ Bell, Andrew W. (2016). «A Tree Grows in China». Journal of American-East Asian Relations. 23 (3): 257–281. doi:10.1163/18765610-02303006.
