Abdus Salam

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Abdus Salam
Física
Abdus Salam, ca. 1940

Nacionalidade	Paquistanês

Nascimento	29 de Janeiro de 1926
Local	Santokdas, Sahiwal, Punjab

Falecimento	21 de Novembro de 1996 (70 anos)
Local	Oxford

Actividade
Campo(s)	Física
Instituições	Comitê de Energia Atômica do Paquistão, Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Universidade do Punjab, Imperial College London, Universidade de Cambridge, International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Academia de Ciências dos Países em Desenvolvimento, Instituto Edward Bouchet Abdus Salam
Alma mater	Universidade do Punjab, St John's College (Cambridge)

Orientador(es)	Nicholas Kemmer e Paul Taunton Matthews
Orientado(s)	Michael Duff, Walter Gilbert, John Moffat, Yuval Ne'eman, John Polkinghorne, Riazuddin, Fayyazuddin, Masud Ahmad, Ghulam Murtaza, Muneer Ahmad Rashid

Prêmio(s)	Prêmio Adams (1958), Medalha Real (1978), Medalha Matteucci (1978), Nobel de Física (1979), Medalha de Ouro Lomonossov (1983), Medalha Copley (1990)

ver

Abdus Salam (Santokdas, 29 de Janeiro de 1926 — Oxford, 21 de Novembro de 1996) foi um físico paquistanês.

Recebeu o Nobel de Física de 1979, por contribuições à teoria unificada das interações fracas e eletromagnéticas entre partículas elementares, inclusive a predição das correntes neutras fracas.

[editar] Ligações externas

Perfil no sítio oficial do Nobel de Física 1979 (em inglês)

Precedido por John Adams, Hugh Huxley e Peter Hirsch	Medalha Real 1978 com Tom Kilburn e Roderic Alfred Gregory	Sucedido por Vernon Ellis Cosslett, Hans Walter Kosterlitz e Frederick Charles Frank
Precedido por Bruno Touschek	Medalha Matteucci 1978	Sucedido por Luciano Maiani
Precedido por Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa, Arno Allan Penzias e Robert Woodrow Wilson	Nobel de Física 1979 com Sheldon Lee Glashow e Steven Weinberg	Sucedido por James Watson Cronin e Val Logsdon Fitch
Precedido por César Milstein	Medalha Copley 1990	Sucedido por Sydney Brenner

Medalha Real. Laureados (1951 — 2000)

1951: Howard Florey e Ian Heilbron • 1952: Frederic Bartlett e Christopher Kelk Ingold • 1953: Paul Fildes e Nevill Francis Mott • 1954: Hans Krebs e John Cockcroft • 1955: Vincent Wigglesworth e Alexander Todd • 1956: Owen Thomas Jones e Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin • 1957: Frederick Gugenheim Gregory e William Vallance Douglas Hodge • 1958: Alan Hodgkin e Harrie Massey • 1959: Peter Brian Medawar e Rudolf Peierls • 1960: Roy Cameron e Bernard Lovell • 1961: Wilfrid Le Gros Clark e Cecil Frank Powell • 1962: John Eccles e Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar • 1963: Herbert Harold Read e Robert Hill • 1964: Francis Brambell e Michael James Lighthill • 1965: Henry Charles Husband, John Kendrew e Raymond Lyttleton • 1966: Christopher Cockerell, Frank Yates e John Ashworth Ratcliffe • 1967: Joseph Hutchinson, John Zachary Young e Cecil Edgar Tilley • 1968: Gilbert Roberts, Walter Thomas James Morgan e Michael Atiyah • 1969: Charles William Oatley, Frederick Sanger e George Deacon • 1970: John Fleetwood Baker, William Albert Hugh Rushton e Kingsley Charles Dunham • 1971: Percy Edward Kent, Max Perutz e Gerhard Herzberg • 1972: Wilfrid Bennett Lewis, Francis Crick e Derek Barton • 1973: Edward Abraham, Rodney Porter e Martin Ryle • 1974: Sydney Brenner, George Edwards e Fred Hoyle • 1975: Barnes Wallis, David Chilton Phillips e Edward Bullard • 1976: Alan Walsh, James Learmonth Gowans e John Cornforth • 1977: John Adams, Hugh Huxley e Peter Hirsch • 1978: Tom Kilburn, Roderic Alfred Gregory e Abdus Salam • 1979: Vernon Ellis Cosslett, Hans Walter Kosterlitz e Frederick Charles Frank • 1980: John Paul Wild, Henry Harris e Denys Wilkinson • 1981: Ralph Riley, Marthe Louise Vogt e Geoffrey Wilkinson • 1982: César Milstein, William Hawthorne e Richard Henry Dalitz • 1983: Daniel Joseph Bradley, Wilhelm Siegmund Feldberg e John Kingman • 1984: Alexander Lamb Cullen, Mary F. Lyon e Alan Battersby • 1985: John Argyris, John Gurdon e Roger Penrose • 1986: Eric Ash, Richard Doll e Rex Richards • 1987: Gustav Victor Rudolf Born, Eric James Denton e Francis Graham-Smith • 1988: Harold Barlow, Winifred Watkins e George Batchelor • 1989: John Vane, David Weatherall e John Charles Polanyi • 1990: Olgierd Zienkiewicz, Anne McLaren e Michael Berry • 1991: Basil John Mason, Michael Berridge e Dan Peter McKenzie • 1992: David Tabor, Anthony Epstein e Simon Donaldson • 1993: Rodney Hill, Horace Barlow e Volker Heine • 1994: Salvador Moncada, Eric Mansfield e Sivaramakrishna Chandrasekhar • 1995: Donald Metcalf, Paul Nurse e Robert J Williams • 1996: Robert Hinde, Jack Heslop-Harrison e Andrew Wiles • 1997: Geoffrey Eglinton, John Maynard Smith e Donald Hill Perkins • 1998: Edwin Southern, Ricardo Miledi e Donald Charlton Bradley • 1999: John Frank Davidson, Patrick David Wall e Archibald Howie • 2000: Tim Berners-Lee, Geoffrey Burnstock e Keith Usherwood Ingold

Lista Completa • (1826—1850) • (1851—1900) • (1901—1950) • (2001—2010)

Medalha Matteucci (1868 — 2006)

1868 Hermann von Helmholtz 1875 Henri Victor Regnault 1876 William Thomson 1877 Gustav Kirchhoff 1878 Gustav Wiedemann 1879 Wilhelm Eduard Weber 1880 Antônio Pacinotti 1881 Emilio Villari 1882 Augusto Righi 1887 Thomas Edison 1888 Heinrich Hertz 1894 John William Strutt 1895 Henry Augustus Rowland 1896 Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen e Philipp Lenard 1901 Guglielmo Marconi 1903 Albert Abraham Michelson 1904 Marie Curie e Pierre Curie 1905 Henri Poincaré 1906 James Dewar 1907 William Ramsay 1908 Antônio Garbasso 1909 Orso Mario Corbino 1910 Heike Kamerlingh Onnes 1911 Jean Perrin 1912 Pieter Zeeman 1913 Ernest Rutherford 1914 Max von Laue 1915 Johannes Stark 1915 William Henry Bragg e William Lawrence Bragg 1917 Antonino Lo Surdo 1918 Robert Williams Wood 1919 Henry Moseley 1921 Albert Einstein 1923 Niels Bohr 1924 Arnold Sommerfeld 1925 Robert Andrews Millikan 1926 Enrico Fermi 1927 Erwin Schrödinger 1928 Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman 1929 Werner Heisenberg 1930 Arthur Holly Compton 1931 Franco Rasetti 1932 Frédéric Joliot-Curie e Irène Joliot-Curie 1956 Wolfgang Pauli 1975 Bruno Touschek 1978 Abdus Salam 1979 Luciano Maiani 1980 Gian Carlo Wick 1982 Rudolf Peierls 1985 Hendrik Casimir 1987 Pierre-Gilles de Gennes 1988 Lev Okun 1989 Freeman Dyson 1990 Jack Steinberger 1991 Bruno Rossi 1992 Anatole Abragam 1993 John Archibald Wheeler 1994 Claude Cohen-Tannoudji 1995 Tsung-Dao Lee 1996 Wolfgang Panofsky 1998 Oreste Piccioni 2001 Theodor Hänsch 2002 Nicola Cabibbo 2003 Manuel Cardona 2004 David Ruelle 2006 Giorgio Bellettini

v • e Nobel de Física (1901 — 2011)
1901 — 1925	Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen • Hendrik Lorentz e Pieter Zeeman • Antoine Henri Becquerel, Pierre Curie e Marie Curie • John William Strutt • Philipp Eduard Anton von Lenard • Joseph John Thomson • Albert Abraham Michelson • Gabriel Lippmann • Guglielmo Marconi e Karl Ferdinand Braun • Johannes Diderik van der Waals • Wilhelm Wien • Nils Gustaf Dalén • Heike Kamerlingh Onnes • Max von Laue • William Henry Bragg e William Lawrence Bragg • Charles Glover Barkla • Max Planck • Johannes Stark • Charles Edouard Guillaume • Albert Einstein • Niels Bohr • Robert Andrews Millikan • Karl Siegbahn • James Franck e Gustav Ludwig Hertz
1926 — 1950	Jean Baptiste Perrin • Arthur Holly Compton e Charles Thomson Rees Wilson • Owen Willans Richardson • Louis de Broglie • Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman • Werner Karl Heisenberg • Erwin Schrödinger e Paul Dirac • James Chadwick • Victor Franz Hess e Carl David Anderson • Clinton Davisson e George Paget Thomson • Enrico Fermi • Ernest Orlando Lawrence • Otto Stern • Isidor Isaac Rabi • Wolfgang Pauli • Percy Williams Bridgman • Edward Victor Appleton • Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett • Hideki Yukawa • Cecil Frank Powell
1951 — 1975	John Douglas Cockcroft e Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton • Felix Bloch e Edward Mills Purcell • Frits Zernike • Max Born e Walther Bothe • Willis Eugene Lamb e Polykarp Kusch • William Bradford Shockley, John Bardeen e Walter Houser Brattain • Chen Ning Yang e Tsung-Dao Lee • Pavel Cherenkov, Illia Mikhailovich Frank e Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm • Emilio Gino Segrè e Owen Chamberlain • Donald Arthur Glaser • Robert Hofstadter e Rudolf Mössbauer • Lev Landau • Eugene Paul Wigner, Maria Goeppert-Mayer e J. Hans D. Jensen • Charles Hard Townes, Nicolay Basov e Aleksandr Prokhorov • Shin'ichiro Tomonaga, Julian Schwinger e Richard Feynman • Alfred Kastler • Hans Bethe • Luis Walter Alvarez • Murray Gell-Mann • Hannes Alfvén e Louis Eugène Félix Néel • Dennis Gabor • John Bardeen, Leon Neil Cooper e John Robert Schrieffer • Leo Esaki, Ivar Giaever e Brian David Josephson • Martin Ryle e Antony Hewish • Aage Niels Bohr, Ben Roy Mottelson e Leo James Rainwater
1976 — 2000	Burton Richter e Samuel Chao Chung Ting • Philip Warren Anderson, Nevill Francis Mott e John Hasbrouck Van Vleck • Pyotr Kapitsa, Arno Allan Penzias e Robert Woodrow Wilson • Sheldon Lee Glashow, Abdus Salam e Steven Weinberg • James Watson Cronin e Val Logsdon Fitch • Nicolaas Bloembergen, Arthur Schawlow e Kai Siegbahn • Kenneth G. Wilson • Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar e William Alfred Fowler • Carlo Rubbia e Simon van der Meer • Klaus von Klitzing • Ernst Ruska, Gerd Binnig e Heinrich Rohrer • Johannes Georg Bednorz e Karl Alexander Müller • Leon Max Lederman, Melvin Schwartz e Jack Steinberger • Norman Foster Ramsey, Hans Georg Dehmelt e Wolfgang Paul • Jerome Isaac Friedman, Henry Way Kendall e Richard Edward Taylor • Pierre-Gilles de Gennes • Georges Charpak • Russell Alan Hulse e Joseph Hooton Taylor • Bertram Neville Brockhouse e Clifford Glenwood Shull • Martin Lewis Perl e Frederick Reines • David Morris Lee, Douglas Dean Osheroff e Robert Coleman Richardson • Steven Chu, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji e William Daniel Phillips • Robert Betts Laughlin, Horst Ludwig Störmer e Daniel Chee Tsui • Gerardus 't Hooft e Martinus J. G. Veltman • Zhores Alferov, Herbert Kroemer e Jack Kilby
2001 — 2010	Eric Allin Cornell, Carl Wieman e Wolfgang Ketterle • Raymond Davis Jr., Masatoshi Koshiba e Riccardo Giacconi • Alexei Alexeevich Abrikosov, Vitaly Ginzburg e Anthony Leggett • David Gross, Hugh David Politzer e Frank Wilczek • Roy Glauber, John Lewis Hall e Theodor Hänsch • John Mather e George Fitzgerald Smoot III • Albert Fert e Peter Grünberg • Yoichiro Nambu, Makoto Kobayashi e Toshihide Masukawa • Charles Kao, Willard Boyle e George Smith • Andre Geim e Konstantin Novoselov • Saul Perlmutter, Adam Riess e Brian Schmidt