Brian David Josephson

Brian David Josephson

Nascimento	4 de janeiro de 1940 (79 anos) Cardiff
Nacionalidade	Britânico
Prêmios	Prêmio Memorial Fritz London (1970), Guthrie Medal and Prize (1972), Medalha Hughes (1972), Medalha Elliott Cresson (1972)^[1], Nobel de Física (1973), Prêmio Holweck (1973), Medalha Faraday (1982)
Instituições	Universidade de Cambridge, Trinity College (Cambridge)
Campo(s)	Física

Brian David Josephson (Cardiff, 4 de janeiro de 1940) é um físico britânico.

Recebeu o Nobel de Física de 1973, por predições teórica de super-correntes em barreiras de tunelamento e, especialmente, do efeito Josephson.

Referências

↑ «Laureates» (pdf) (em inglês). The Franklin Institute. Consultado em 1 de julho de 2015. Cópia arquivada em 1 de julho de 2015

Ligações externas[editar | editar código-fonte]

Perfil no sítio oficial do Nobel de Física 1973 (em inglês)

Precedido por Robert Hanbury Brown	Medalha Hughes 1972	Sucedido por Peter Hirsch
Precedido por John Bardeen, Leon Neil Cooper e John Robert Schrieffer	Nobel de Física 1973 com Leo Esaki e Ivar Giaever	Sucedido por Martin Ryle e Antony Hewish

Medalha Hughes (1902 — 2013)

1902: Joseph John Thomson 1903: Johann Wilhelm Hittorf 1904: Joseph Wilson Swan 1905: Augusto Righi 1906: Hertha Marks Ayrton 1907: Ernest Howard Griffiths 1908: Eugen Goldstein 1909: Richard Glazebrook 1910: John Ambrose Fleming 1911: Charles Thomson Rees Wilson 1912: William Duddell 1913: Alexander Graham Bell 1914: John Sealy Townsend 1915: Paul Langevin 1916: Elihu Thomson 1917: Charles Glover Barkla 1918: Irving Langmuir 1919: Charles Chree 1920: Owen Willans Richardson 1921: Niels Bohr 1922: Francis William Aston 1923: Robert Andrews Millikan 1924: — 1925: Frank Edward Smith 1926: Henry Bradwardine Jackson 1927: William David Coolidge 1928: Maurice de Broglie 1929: Hans Geiger 1930: Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman 1931: William Lawrence Bragg 1932: James Chadwick 1933: Edward Appleton 1934: Karl Siegbahn 1935: Clinton Davisson 1936: Walter Hermann Schottky 1937: Ernest Lawrence 1938: John Cockcroft e Ernest Walton 1939: George Paget Thomson 1940: Arthur Holly Compton 1941: Nevill Francis Mott 1942: Enrico Fermi 1943: Marcus Oliphant 1944: George Finch 1945: Basil Schonland 1946: John Randall 1947: Frédéric Joliot-Curie 1948: Robert Watson-Watt 1949: Cecil Powell 1950: Max Born 1951: Hendrik Anthony Kramers 1952: Philip Dee 1953: Edward Bullard 1954: Martin Ryle 1955: Harrie Massey 1956: Frederick Lindemann 1957: Joseph Proudman 1958: Edward Andrade 1959: Brian Pippard 1960: Joseph Pawsey 1961: Alan Cottrell 1962: Brebis Bleaney 1963: Frederic Calland Williams 1964: Abdus Salam 1965: Denys Wilkinson 1966: Nicholas Kemmer 1967: Kurt Mendelssohn 1968: Freeman Dyson 1969: Nicholas Kurti 1970: David Bates 1971: Robert Hanbury Brown 1972: Brian David Josephson 1973: Peter Hirsch 1974: Peter Fowler 1975: Richard Dalitz 1976: Stephen Hawking 1977: Antony Hewish 1978: William Cochran 1979: Robert Williams 1980: Francis Farley 1981: Peter Higgs, Tom Kibble 1982: Drummond Hoyle Matthews e Frederick Vine 1983: John Clive Ward 1984: Roy Kerr 1985: Tony Skyrme 1986: Michael Woolfson 1987: Michael Pepper 1988: Archibald Howie e Michael John Whelan 1989: John Stewart Bell 1990: Thomas George Cowling 1991: Philip Burton Moon 1992: Michael Seaton 1993: George Isaak 1994: Robert G. Chambers 1995: David Shoenberg 1996: Amyand Buckingham 1997: Andrew Lang 1998: Raymond Hide 1999: Alexander Boksenberg 2000: Chintamani Rao 2001: John Pethica 2002: Alexander Dalgarno 2003: Peter Edwards 2004: John Clarke 2005: Keith Moffatt 2006: Michael Kelly 2007: Artur Ekert 2008: Michele Dougherty 2010: Andre Geim 2011: Matthew Rosseinsky 2013: Henning Sirringhaus

Medalha Elliott Cresson (1875 — 1997)

1875 — 1900

1870s	1875: William Gibson Arlington Bonwill, Fiss, Banes, Erben & Co., William Weightman, W.P. Tatham, Benjamin Chew Tilghman e Joseph Zentmayer · 1877: John Charlton e P. H. Dudley · 1878: Henry Bower, Cyrus Chambers e Williams Farr Goodwin · 1879: Norbert Delandtsheer · 1880: L. H. Spellier
1880s	1881: William Woodnut Griscom · 1885: Cyprien Chabot e Frederick Siemens · 1886: Patrick Bernard Delany, Thaddeus S. C. Lowe, Ott & Brewer, Pratt & Whitney, R. H. Ramsay e Liberty Walkup · 1887: Charles F. Albert, Hugo Bilgram, Alfred H. Cowles, Eugene H. Cowles e Thomas Shaw · 1889: Edward Alfred Cowper, Ottmar Mergenthaler, T. Hart Robertson e George Frederick Simonds · 1890: J. B. Hammond, Herman Hollerith e Mayer Hayes & Co.
1890s	1891: Stockton Bates, James H. Bevington, Bradley Allen Fiske, Tinius Olsen, Edwin F. Shaw, Samuel Matthews Vauclain e George M. Von Culin · 1892: Philip H. Holmes e Henry M. Howe · 1893: Clifford H. Batchellor, Frederic Eugene Ives, George E. Marks e Paul von Jankó · 1894: Nikola Tesla · 1895: Henry M. Howe, James Peckover e Lester Allan Pelton · 1896: Patrick Bernard Delany e Tolbert Lanston · 1897: Hamilton Castner, Elisha Gray, Charles Francis Jenkins, Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen e Joseph Wilckes · 1898: Wilbur Olin Atwater, Thomas Corscaden, Clemens Hirschel, Henri Moissan e Edward Bennett Rosa · 1900: American Cotton Company, Louis Edward Levy, Pencoyd Iron Works, Serviço Geológico dos Estados Unidos e Carl Auer von Welsbach

1901 — 1950

1900s	1901: Rudolf Diesel, John S. Forbes, L. M. Haupt, Mason and Hamlin e A. G. Waterhouse · 1902: C. E. Acker, Frederick Taylor e Maunsel White · 1903: G. H. Clam, J. L. Ferrell, Wilson Lindsley Gill, Victor Goldschmidt e Frank Julian Sprague · 1904: James Mapes Dodge, Wilson Lindsley Gill, Hans Goldschmidt, L. E. Levy, L.D. Lovekin, A. E. Outerbridge, Jr. e J. C. Parker · 1905: Elisha Gray e M. I. Pupin · 1906: American Paper Bottle Company e William J. Hammer · 1907: Baldwin Locomotive Works, J. L. Borsch, J. Allen Heany, F. Philips e Edward R. Taylor · 1908: Romeyn Beck Hough e Anatole Mallet · 1909: Marie Curie, Pierre Curie, Wolfgang Gaede, James Gayley, Auguste e Louis Lumière, George Owen Squier, Benjamin Talbot, W. V. Turner, Underwood Typewriter Company, Alexis Vernasz e H. A. Wise Wood · 1910: Automatic Electric Company, John A. Brashear, Peter Cooper Hewitt, John Fritz, Robert Hadfield, Ernest Rutherford, Joseph John Thomson, Edward Weston e Harvey W. Wiley
1910s	1912: Alexander Graham Bell, William Crookes, Alfred Noble, Edward Morley, Albert Abraham Michelson, Henry Enfield Roscoe, Samuel Wesley Stratton, Elihu Thomson e Adolf von Baeyer · 1913: Emil Berliner, Emile Fischer, William Ramsay, Isham Randolph, John William Strutt, Albert Sauveur e Charles Proteus Steinmetz · 1914: J. M. von Eder, Carl von Linde, Edgar Fahs Smith e Irmãos Wright · 1915: Michael Joseph Owens · 1916: American Telephone & Telegraph, Byron E. Eldred e Robert Gans · 1917: Edwin Fitch Northrup · 1918: Isaac Newton Lewis · 1920: William Le Roy Emmet
1920s	1923: Lee De Forest, Raymond D. Johnson e Albert Kingsbury · 1925: Francis Hodgkinson · 1926: George Ellery Hale e Charles S. Hastings · 1927: Dayton Miller e Edward Leamington Nichols · 1928: Gustaf W. Elmen, Henry Ford, Vladimir Karapetoff e Charles Lawrance · 1929: James Irvine, Chevalier Jackson e Elmer Ambrose Sperry · 1930: Norman Rothwell Gibson e Irving Edwin Moultrop
1930s	1931: Clinton Davisson, Lester Germer, Kotaro Honda e Theodore Lyman · 1932: Percy Williams Bridgman, Charles Legeyt Fortescue e John Boswell Whitehead · 1933: Walther Bauersfeld e Juan de La Cierva y Codorniu · 1934: Stuart Ballantine e Union Switch & Signal · 1936: George Oliver Curme e Robert Jemison van de Graaff · 1937: Carl David Anderson, William Bowie, Jacques Edwin Brandenberger, William Francis Giauque e Ernest Lawrence · 1938: Edwin Land · 1939: Charles Vernon Boys, George Ashley Campbell e John Renshaw Carson · 1940: Frederick M. Backet e Robert Runnels Williams
1940s	1941: Marinha dos Estados Unidos · 1942: Claude Hudson e Isidor Isaac Rabi · 1943: Charles Metcalf Allen · 1944: Roger Adams · 1945: Stanford Caldwell Hooper e Lewis Ferry Moody · 1946: Gladeon M. Barnes · 1948: Edwin H. Colpitts · 1950: Basil Schonland

1951 — 1997

1950s	1952: Edward Molina e H. Birchard Taylor · 1953: William Blum, George Russell Harrison e William Frederick Meggers · 1955: Frank Philip Bowden · 1957: Willard Frank Libby, Reginold James Seymour Pigott e Robert Watson-Watt · 1958: Joseph C. Patrick e Stephen Timoshenko · 1959: John Hays Hammond, Henry Charles Harrison e Irving Wolff · 1960: Hugh Latimer Dryden, Arpad Nadai e William Francis Gray Swann
1960s	1961: Donald Arthur Glaser, Rudolf Mössbauer, Reinhold Rudenberg e James van Allen · 1962: James Gilbert Baker e Wernher von Braun · 1963: Nicholas Christofilos e Grote Reber · 1964: Waldo Semon, Richard V. Southwell e Robert R. Wilson · 1965: Donald Van Slyke · 1966: Herman Francis Mark · 1968: Neil Bartlett · 1969: Henry Eyring e Peter Carl Goldmark · 1970: Walter Zinn
1970s	1971: Paul John Flory e John Hasbrouck Van Vleck · 1972: Brian David Josephson e Bill Lear · 1973: Allan Rex Sandage e John Paul Stapp · 1974: Theodore L. Cairns, Robert Henry Dicke, Arie Jan Haagen-Smit e Bruno Rossi · 1975: Mildred Cohn e Michael James Lighthill · 1976: Leon Max Lederman · 1978: Herbert Charles Brown e Frank H. Stillinger · 1979: Steven Weinberg · 1980: Riccardo Giacconi
1980s	1981: Marion King Hubbert · 1982: Harold P. Eubank e Edgar Bright Wilson · 1984: Elizabeth Neufeld · 1985: Robert N. Clayton e Andrei Sakharov · 1986: Leo Kadanoff · 1987: Gerd Binnig e Heinrich Rohrer · 1988: Harry George Drickamer · 1989: Edward Lorenz · 1990: Marlan Scully
1990s	1991: Yakir Aharonov e David Bohm · 1992: Tsui Lap-Chee · 1995: Marvin Harry Caruthers e Alfred Yi Cho · 1997: Irwin Fridovich e Joe Milton McCord

v • e Nobel de Física
1901 — 1925	1901: Röntgen · 1902: Lorentz e Zeeman · 1903: Becquerel, P. Curie e M. Curie · 1904: Strutt · 1905: Lenard · 1906: J. J. Thompson · 1907: Michelson · 1908: Lippmann · 1909: Marconi e Braun · 1910: Van der Waals · 1911: Wien · 1912: Dalén · 1913: Kamerlingh Onnes · 1914: Laue · 1915: W. H. Bragg e W. L. Bragg · 1917: Barkla · 1918: Planck · 1919: Stark · 1920: Guillaume · 1921: Einstein · 1922: N. Bohr · 1923: Millikan · 1924: Siegbahn · 1925: Franck e Hertz
1926 — 1950	1926: Perrin · 1927: Compton e C. Wilson · 1928: O. W. Richardson · 1929: Broglie · 1930: Raman · 1932: Heisenberg · 1933: Schrödinger e Dirac · 1935: Chadwick · 1936: Hess e C. D. Anderson · 1937: Davisson e Thomson · 1938: Fermi · 1939: Lawrence · 1943: Stern · 1944: Rabi · 1945: Pauli · 1946: Bridgman · 1947: Appleton · 1948: Blackett · 1949: Yukawa · 1950: Powell
1951 — 1975	1951: Cockcroft e Walton · 1952: Bloch e Purcell · 1953: Zernike · 1954: Born e Bothe · 1955: Lamb e Kusch · 1956: Shockley, Bardeen e Brattain · 1957: Yang e T.-D. Lee · 1958: Cherenkov, Frank e Tamm · 1959: Segrè e Chamberlain · 1960: Glaser · 1961: Hofstadter e Mössbauer · 1962: Landau · 1963: Wigner, Goeppert-Mayer e Jensen · 1964: Townes, Basov e Prokhorov · 1965: Tomonaga, Schwinger e Feynman · 1966: Kastler · 1967: Bethe · 1968: Alvarez · 1969: Gell-Mann · 1970: Alfvén e Néel · 1971: Gabor · 1972: Bardeen, Cooper e Schrieffer · 1973: Esaki, Giaever e Josephson · 1974: Ryle e Hewish · 1975: A. Bohr, Mottelson e Rainwater
1976 — 2000	1976: Richter e Ting · 1977: P. W. Anderson, Mott e Van Vleck · 1978: Kapitsa, Penzias e Wilson · 1979: Glashow, Salam e Weinberg · 1980: Cronin e Fitch · 1981: Bloembergen, Schawlow e Siegbahn · 1982: Wilson · 1983: Chandrasekhar e Fowler · 1984: Rubbia e Van der Meer · 1985: Klitzing · 1986: Ruska, Binnig e Rohrer · 1987: Bednorz e Müller · 1988: Lederman, Schwartz e Steinberger · 1989: Ramsey, Dehmelt e Paul · 1990: Friedman, Kendall e R. E. Taylor · 1991: de Gennes · 1992: Charpak • Hulse e J. H. Taylor · 1993: Brockhouse e Shull · 1994: Perl e Reines · 1995: D. Lee, Osheroff e R. Richardson · 1996: Chu, Cohen-Tannoudji e Phillips · 1997: Laughlin, Störmer e Tsui · 1998: Hooft e Veltman · 1999: Alferov, Kroemer e Kilby
2001 — 2017	2001: Cornell, Wieman e Ketterle · 2002: Davis, Koshiba e Giacconi · 2003: Abrikosov, Ginzburg e Leggett · 2004: Gross, Politzer e Wilczek · 2005: Glauber\|, Hall e Hänsch · 2006: Mather e Smoot · 2007: Fert e Grünberg · 2008: Nambu, Kobayashi e Masukawa · 2009: Kao, Boyle e G. Smith · 2010: Geim e Novoselov · 2011: Perlmutter, Riess e Schmidt · 2012: Haroche e Wineland · 2013: Englert e Higgs · 2014: Akasaki, Amano e Nakamura · 2015: Kajita e McDonald · 2016: Haldane, Thouless e Kosterlitz · 2017: Weiss, Barish e Thorne · 2018: Ashkin, Mourou e Strickland

v • e Cientistas cujos nomes são utilizados em constantes físicas
Constantes físicas	Isaac Newton · Charles Augustin de Coulomb · Amedeo Avogadro · Michael Faraday · Johann Josef Loschmidt · Johann Jakob Balmer · Joseph Stefan · Ludwig Boltzmann · Johannes Rydberg · Joseph John Thomson · Max Planck · Wilhelm Wien · Otto Sackur · Niels Bohr · Edwin Powell Hubble · Hugo Tetrode · Douglas Hartree · Enrico Fermi · Brian David Josephson · Klaus von Klitzing
Cientistas cujos nomes são utilizados como unidades do SI · Cientistas cujos nomes são utilizados como unidades não SI

v • e Parapsicologia
Resumo
Tópicos	Aparição Biocomunicação Clarividência Clariaudiência Energia vital Experimento Ganzfeld Experiência de quase-morte Fotografia espírita Fotografia Kirlian Hipnose Imposição de mãos Leitura a frio Leitura psíquica Levitação Mesas girantes Materialização Mediunidade Percepção extrassensorial Precognição Premonição Projeção da consciência Psicometria Reencarnação Sessão espírita Sujeito psi Telepatia Telecinese Transcomunicação instrumental Visão remota
Organizações	American Society for Psychical Research International Association for Near-Death Studies Institut Métapsychique International Institute of Noetic Sciences Koestler Parapsychology Unit National Laboratory of Psychical Research Parapsychological Association Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research Society for Psychical Research
Parapsicólogos	Albert de Rochas Alexander Imich Alexander Moreira de Almeida Alexandre Aksakof Alister Hardy Andrew Nichols Arthur Balfour Arthur Conan Doyle Brian David Josephson Bruce Greyson Camille Flammarion Carlos María de Heredia Carl Reichenbach Charles Honorton Charles Tart Ciarán O'Keeffe Daryl Bem Dean Radin Ed e Lorraine Warren Eileen J. Garrett Elisabeth Kübler-Ross Elsie Dubugras Erlendur Haraldsson Ernesto Bozzano Etzel Cardeña Frederic Myers Gabriel Delanne Gardner Murphy George P. Hansen Gustave Geley Guy Lyon Playfair Hans Bender Hans Holzer Henri Bergson Henry Sidgwick Hereward Carrington Hernani Guimarães Andrade Ian Currie Ian Stevenson James Hewat McKenzie James H. Hyslop James Hurtak Jessica Utts Jim B. Tucker Joseph Banks Rhine Joseph Gaither Pratt José Silva Karl Zener Kenneth Ring Konstantin Raudive László Harasztosi Lawrence LeShan Leonard George Lombroso Lord Rayleigh Loyd Auerbach Matthew Smith Michael Thalbourne Nandor Fodor Oliver Lodge Padre Quevedo Paul Gibier R. A. McConnell Randall Fontes Raymond Moody René Warcollier Richet Robert L. Morris Robert Monroe Rudolf Tischner Rufus Osgood Mason Rupert Sheldrake Russell Targ Stanley Krippner Stephen E. Braude Susan Blackmore Sylvan Muldoon Thelma Moss Théodore Flournoy Thomson Jay Hudson Tommaso Palamidessi Tomokichi Fukurai Waldo Vieira Whately Carington William Crookes William G. Roll William James
Paranormais	Akiane Kramarik Albano de Jesus Beirão Aleister Crowley Alma Theon Augustin Lesage Baba Vanga Benjamin Teixeira de Aguiar Carmine Mirabelli Charles Foster Charles Leonard Lafontaine Chico Xavier Chizuko Mifune Daniel Dunglas Home Divaldo Franco Edgar Cayce Edson Queiroz Eileen J. Garrett Elizabeth d'Espérance Emanuel Swedenborg Émilie Collignon Eurípedes Barsanulfo Eusapia Palladino Eva Carrière Eva Pierrakos Fernando de Lacerda Filipina Sanger Florence Cook Florêncio Anton Francisco Peixoto Lins Franz Anton Mesmer George Vale Owen Gladys Osborne Leonard Helena Blavatsky Henry Slade Ingo Swann Irmãos Davenport Irmãs Fox James Van Praagh João de Deus Jorge Rizzini José Medrado Judy Zebra Knight Lady Wonder Leonora Piper Lobsang Rampa Luiz Gasparetto Marilusa Moreira Vasconcelos Mikao Usui Mina Crandon Moisés Esagüi Nina Kulagina Pam Reynolds Raul Teixeira Robert Monroe Robson Pinheiro Rosemary Brown Ruth Norman Sai Baba Sylvan Muldoon Ted Serios Vera Kryzhanovskaia Vera Lúcia Marinzeck Waldo Vieira William Eglinton William Stainton Moses Yvonne do Amaral Pereira Zé Arigó Zibia Gasparetto Zilda Gama
Publicações	Extrasensory Perception Irreducible Mind: Toward a Psychology for the 21st Century Journal of Consciousness Studies Journal of Near-Death Studies Journal of Parapsychology Journal of Scientific Exploration Vida depois da Vida: A Investigação do Fenómeno de Sobrevivência à Morte Corporal Vida antes da Vida: Uma Pesquisa Científica das Lembranças que as Crianças Têm de Vidas Passadas Old Souls: The Scientific Search for Proof of Past Lives Parapsychology: Frontier Science of the Mind The Roots of Coincidence Vinte Casos Sugestivos de Reencarnação Varieties of Anomalous Experience
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