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Cronologia das invenções

Origem: Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre.

Esta é uma cronologia das invenções, de particular importância e significante tecnologia e de pessoas que as inventaram.

Nota: Algumas datas apresentadas aqui tem controvérsias de suas invenções. Pois algumas foram criadas ao mesmo tempo por inventores em diferentes partes do mundo ou eram invenções impraticáveis até que outro inventor as aperfeiçoou para uma forma mais funcional. Devido a esta ambiguidade as datas de algumas invenções apresentadas aqui são as da forma mais funcional da invenção.

Primeiras invenções

[editar | editar código-fonte]

As datas apresentadas aqui são de evidências conhecidas das invenções, por tanto são datas aproximadas. Os locais apresentados são onde as evidencias das invenções foram encontradas, mas em muitos casos não há certeza de que a invenção tenha origem no local onde foi localizada.

Ferramentas de pedra do período Paleolítico.
Uma flauta pré-histórica encontrada na Eslovênia.
Residência desterrada no sítio arqueológico de Tell es-Sultan em Jericó.
Tábua com Escrita Cuneiforme do Reino de Amar-Suena/Amar-Sin datado de 2041 ou 2040 a.C..

Nota: A seguir no texto foram substituídos as abreviaturas Ma (Milhões de anos) e Mil a.a. (Mil anos atrás) para a.C. (antes de Cristo) e d.C. (depois de Cristo) – sendo 8000 a.C. o mesmo que 10 Mil a.a..

Espada do tipo Apa feita na Idade do Bronze, Século XVII a.C.
Reconstrução de uma Besta da Grécia Antiga chamada de Gastraphetes.
  • Século II a.C.: Invenção do Papel durante a Dinastia Han na China: Invenção atribuída ao eunuco da corte Cai Lun (n. c. 50–121 d.C.), o mais antigo exemplar de polpa de fazer papel vem de um mapa do sítio arqueológico de Fangmatan em Gansu.[84]
A mais antiga ponte em arco ainda em uso a Ponte de Arcádico datada de 1300–1190 a.C.
Uma réplica do Sismógrafo de Zhang Heng.
Miniatura do século XV de um barco a velas com roda de pás romano com tração animal, visto por volta do século IV, reprodução de De rebus bellicis.
Uma Porcelana datada da metade do século X da Dinastia Song na China.
Jarro de Pólvora negra usada para carregamento de armas de fogo como os mosquetes, em Moscou Rússia.
  • Século X: Invenção da Lança de fogo durante a Dinastia Song, no início era um tubo de bambu e mais tarde de metal que disparava uma bola de pólvora que produzia fogo e estilhaços, foi descrito pela primeira vez em uma pintura encontrada no sítio de Dunhuang[143] A lança é a primeira arma de fogo da história e também a primeira arma a usar pólvora.[144][145]
    • Invenção dos Fogos de artifício durante a Dinastia Song (960–1279) na China, no início da idade da pólvora. Eram vendidos em mercados, e feitos de varas de bambu com a pólvora inserida dentro.[146]
    • Invenção de Doca seca durante a Dinastia Song na China.[147]
Um Canhão de mão sendo disparado em manuscrito de 1405.
Prensa de tipos móveis de 1811.
Uma Lançadeira com bobina.
O veículo a vapor de Cugnot.
Uma debulhadora de 1881.

.

Funcionamento de um Motor Stirling.
Um ferrolho de uma carabina Mannlincher.
O Bate-estacas a vapor de James Nasmyth.
Diagrama do Fuzil de repetição criado por Walter Hunt.
Demonstração do freio de segurança de elevadores por Elisha Graves Otis.
Caixa de bananas de Dinamite Nobel-Bozel (1957-1984).
O Fonógrafo de Thomas Edison.
O Cinematógrafo dos Lumière de 1895.
A Válvula de Fleming.
O Wright Flyer de 1903.
O 14-bis de 1906.
Propaganda de jornal do primeiro Barbeador elétrico o Schick 20.
O Míssil V-2 usado durante a segunda Guerra Mundial pela Alemanha Nazista para atacar o Reino Unido. É considerado o primeiro míssil balístico do mundo.
Turbina a vapor e gerador do BORAX III, reator nuclear do experimento para geração de energia nuclear em Idaho.
O Altair 8800 que popularizou o uso dos computadores pessoais.
  • 2000 d.C.: Os computadores pessoais ultrapassam a velocidade de processamento de 1 GHz.[217]
  • 2001 d.C.: Invenção do Segway PT um revolucionário transportador pessoal de duas rodas, por Dean Kamen.
    • Inventado o coração totalmente artificial AbioCor.[218]
    • Lançado o iPod tocador de música revolucionário que tinha capacidade de 1 Gigabyte de armazenamento de dados, criado pela Apple.[219]
A SpaceShipOne primeira aeronave a realizar o turismo espacial.
O Commons possui uma categoria com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre Cronologia das invenções

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